Well it's my opinion that the embryological facts are biological and the thing that mountains prevent Earth shaking is geographical. So they are scientific, or at least that's what I think. I never said that the facts of the Quran never existed in any other previous texts. I said that they were, but not in Scriptures like the Bible. The Bible for example is silent on the aforementioned facts.
And as I have said in OP that during Muhammad's time I think there weren't much scientific texts available in his land. So I was wondering where he learned all his stuff? So someone here replied that he might have learned it while travelling for business purpose. It seems right as his knowledge whether about Biblical or scientific matters are shallow. He didn't bother about studying them at all.
Let me make 2 points
1) There is good reason to think Muhammad was aware of Roman & Persian practices/ideas as evidenced in this hadith -
http://sunnah.com/muslim/16/167.
Thus, there is no reason to doubt that Muhammad could access Roman/ Persian knowledge
2) IMO, this is the wrong and over-complicated way of looking at it. To explain, when you say something like the statement "mountains prevent Earth shaking" is Geography, this is the analogy I can think of. A person who lifted 1 dumbbell once in his entire life refers to it as his "bodybuilding career". By doing so, one is giving a false impression that is either over-exaggerating what the person did or rendering the word "bodybuilding" insignificant. So it is with referring to a statement like "seminal fluid becomes a blood clot" as embryology.
Moreover, you should realize that it is only your assumption that Muhammad had to learn these from foreign lands. There are very good reasons to doubt this, namely, i) None of his followers express any confusion or ignorance about these verses about nature, ii) these verses are so simplistic that they may very well be the common beliefs of the time. Some evidence for this can be found in the Qur'an itself, for example the beginning of 22:5.
So while you ask the question, "where he got these ideas from?", try pondering over the very-likely scenario that these ideas were part of the common knowledge-base of the society he lived in.
Topic: Muhammad Wasn't Illiterate