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Theme Changer

 Topic: The paradox of relativism

 (Read 5690 times)
  • 1« Previous thread | Next thread »
  • The paradox of relativism
     OP - April 03, 2012, 08:56 PM

    Now, I've never been able to quite wrap my head around relativism (be it moral, ontological, truth-values etc.) because I have never been able to escape the paradox of relativism -- basically, that absolute relativism has to allow for absolutism or else it isn't absolutely relative. But if it allows for any absolutism, then it is no longer absolute relativism.

    (In other words, relativism has to be an absolute truth, but if it is an absolute truth, it is no longer relative. Relativism would have to be silent on whether or not it is a correct way of looking at things -- but then no one can truly be a relativist, because a relativist can never take their position as correct.

    I don't know much about the meta concerns of this issue -- does someone who knows more about relativism care to comment? (I think this sinks into post-modern discourse somewhere, but again I know little about this discussion.)

  • Re: The paradox of relativism
     Reply #1 - April 03, 2012, 09:52 PM

    I would think of it as to do with context/hierarchy, in one context it's absolute relativism and sort of the 'outer box' containing this absolute relativism is the 'absolutism' frame. Erm, like the ground being the absolute frame, from which the tree branches to various direction giving all these different relativism between branches, and maybe even relativism between the twigs etc, so like the different levels of absolutism/relativism.

    "Between stimulus and response there is a space. In that space is our power to choose our response. In our response lies our growth and our freedom." - Viktor E. Frankl

    'Life is just the extreme expression of complex chemistry' - Neil deGrasse Tyson
  • Re: The paradox of relativism
     Reply #2 - April 03, 2012, 09:55 PM

    The only absolute is that there are no absolutes.

    قل للمليحة في الخمار الأسود
    مـاذا فـعــلت بــناسـك مـتـعـبد

    قـد كـان شـمّر لــلـصلاة ثـيابه
    حتى خـطرت له بباب المسجد

    ردي عليـه صـلاتـه وصيـامــه
    لا تـقــتـلــيه بـحـق ديــن محمد
  • Re: The paradox of relativism
     Reply #3 - April 03, 2012, 10:11 PM

    Tongue

    "Between stimulus and response there is a space. In that space is our power to choose our response. In our response lies our growth and our freedom." - Viktor E. Frankl

    'Life is just the extreme expression of complex chemistry' - Neil deGrasse Tyson
  • Re: The paradox of relativism
     Reply #4 - April 03, 2012, 11:31 PM

    True Dusty, I think that can work in certain contexts (i.e. in the Cultural Relativism case), though when someone says, "There are no absolute truths" I think they're basically screwed (a la what Harakaat said)
  • Re: The paradox of relativism
     Reply #5 - April 04, 2012, 05:10 AM

    True Dusty, I think that can work in certain contexts (i.e. in the Cultural Relativism case), though when someone says, "There are no absolute truths" I think they're basically screwed (a la what Harakaat said)


    It's just a sexy aphorism Tongue

    More rigorously, saying that there are no moral absolutes is not, imo, paradoxical because that statement is an ontological absolute and not a moral absolute. It's when you say that there are no ontological absolutes that you start having problems with special pleading.

    قل للمليحة في الخمار الأسود
    مـاذا فـعــلت بــناسـك مـتـعـبد

    قـد كـان شـمّر لــلـصلاة ثـيابه
    حتى خـطرت له بباب المسجد

    ردي عليـه صـلاتـه وصيـامــه
    لا تـقــتـلــيه بـحـق ديــن محمد
  • Re: The paradox of relativism
     Reply #6 - April 04, 2012, 05:17 AM

    And anyway, rejecting ontological relativism on those grounds doesn't imply the existence of any other ontological absolutes, but merely points out a technical problem with semantics. As in:

    Ahmed: I believe in absolute truths A, B and C.
    Buthayna: I believe there are no absolute truths.
    Ahmed: But that's paradoxical.

    Be that as it may, the burden of proof is still on Ahmed to demonstrate the absolutism of A, B and C, or any other given "truth".

    قل للمليحة في الخمار الأسود
    مـاذا فـعــلت بــناسـك مـتـعـبد

    قـد كـان شـمّر لــلـصلاة ثـيابه
    حتى خـطرت له بباب المسجد

    ردي عليـه صـلاتـه وصيـامــه
    لا تـقــتـلــيه بـحـق ديــن محمد
  • Re: The paradox of relativism
     Reply #7 - April 04, 2012, 05:26 AM

    True Dusty, I think that can work in certain contexts (i.e. in the Cultural Relativism case), though when someone says, "There are no absolute truths" I think they're basically screwed (a la what Harakaat said)


    This is true, but when taken as abstracts the concepts lose their meaning.  In cultural relativism for instance, relativism can exist while also accepting that there are objective truths.  For instance, a society that allows the complete arbitrary murder of random individuals without punishment couldn't exist as a society, so we can say that the arbitrary murder of individuals is wrong because without such truths we couldn't be here to discuss such topics.  In other words, absolutism and relativism are both contingent on those biological facts so that the moral choices we make are subjective but not arbitrary. So while absolute relativity ( hehehe) in the cultural sense  can't be sustained, a more moderate form of relativism  contingent of some basic biological facts can be if we are to talk about morality at all.  

    So once again I'm left with the classic Irish man's dilemma, do I eat the potato or do I let it ferment so I can drink it later?
    My political philosophy below
    http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bwGat4i8pJI&feature=g-vrec
    Just kidding, here are some true heros
    http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dBTgvK6LQqA
  • Re: The paradox of relativism
     Reply #8 - April 04, 2012, 05:36 AM



    More rigorously, saying that there are no moral absolutes is not, imo, paradoxical because that statement is an ontological absolute and not a moral absolute. It's when you say that there are no ontological absolutes that you start having problems with special pleading.


    Haha that's what I just said, dood.
  • Re: The paradox of relativism
     Reply #9 - April 04, 2012, 05:39 AM


    Be that as it may, the burden of proof is still on Ahmed to demonstrate the absolutism of A, B and C, or any other given "truth".


    Perhaps any given truth (as in A over B or C), but doesn't have to justify the rejection of relativism simpliciter.
  • Re: The paradox of relativism
     Reply #10 - April 04, 2012, 05:51 AM

    My issue -- and I think the thing that prompted me to post this topic -- was the debate over whether or not there are genuine ontological disputes or not. (i.e. a position that seems to be dubbed "meta-ontological anti-realism/relativism.") Now, they think there are no genuine disputes when it comes to metaphysical issues (most importantly to me, the debate over whether or not time is a real "thing"). A meta-ontological relativist would say there is no fact of the matter -- time exists only relative to some conceptual framework.

    This isn't a paradox in the same way that the "absolute truth" cases is. Though it does have me thinking about what is sufficient evidence to hold a relativist position.
  • Re: The paradox of relativism
     Reply #11 - April 04, 2012, 06:18 AM

    the problem with a lot of philosophers is that they assume their thoughts can exist in a vacuum. it's like they imagine some universe without subjectivities and relativities, just pure "Being". which doesn't exist and can't exist. so this is all useless mental masturbation. i don't even know why it's considered philosophy. philosophy is the study of wisdom, which is about life experiences, not some idealized version of it.

    so let's assume time doesn't exist without a "conceptual framework". so what? how is that relevant to our universe? to our experience? to our life?
  • Re: The paradox of relativism
     Reply #12 - April 04, 2012, 09:29 AM

    @ Abood:

    I think that is why the stuff you are talking about is considered Metaphysical Philosophy, correct me if I am wrong, I am a total noob when it comes to philosophy.

  • Re: The paradox of relativism
     Reply #13 - April 04, 2012, 08:49 PM



    so let's assume time doesn't exist without a "conceptual framework". so what? how is that relevant to our universe? to our experience? to our life?


    I think you are missing my point a little bit. For one, accepting absolute factual relativism is, as I pointed out, accepting an objective framework. That was the entire point of my OP!

    Secondly, if you're taking the line of Kant -- that we can't know the "noumena" (for all non-philosophers, noumena means essentially how something is in itself, independent of how we view it, in terms of our perception as well as our conceptual framework). Now, you could take the line you take -- that everything is viewed through some sort of lens and as such the noumena is a fiction -- all there is is just different perspectives on what something is. Now I tend to disagree with this point, on ground that we can, in fact, know something about the noumena -- that is, we know that when we gaze at this object with our perceptual and conceptual framework, the output is what is known to us in ordinary life (what I mean by ordinary life is how we think of objects independently of philosophical reflection).

    Also, as I admit, I think a lot of debates in philosophy are merely the result of a different conception of how things are. Though I do think that some debates are genuine. For instance, there are mereological debates centered around what composes objects -- either all objects compose (i.e. there is an object that is you+Eiffel tower, that is a genuine object), that objects only compose if they have some sort of unity, or that objects never compose (i.e. there are not real macroscopic objects, only subatomic particles).

    I think however that there are some genuine ontological truths to be discovered. For instance, I think there is a genuine dispute over whether or not the world is more like a 4D space-time block like the one physics presents, or that presentism is true (the notion that only things in the present moment exist). Now, I do think there are scientific concerns at play here (ex. I think that time travel is likely possible if we hold a 4D picture of reality, but impossible if we hold a presentist position).  But I also think there are more personal ones as well. I mean most people wouldn't likely be affected by the distinction, but the difference between the two make me think differently about my place in the world. I feel differently about being just one small piece of a "mel-worm" that extends back in time. There is "still" a mel who is 5 years old, in reality, playing and doing shit -- the shit that I feel like I "did." She exists. That part of me still exists. This is where personal reflection becomes complicated, and I won't get into it here. But this feels different to me than just thinking that I did this, but now it is gone. There is no 5-year-old mel, I only remember being her.

    This is where even technical, seemingly esoteric "mental-masturbation" philosophy can be a very personal and spiritual thing, if you let it. Even debates which I do not think are genuine ontological disputes (for instance, monism -- the idea that everything in the universe is just a part of one large object) can change your outlook on life. What are the personal implications of holding the conception (even if it is just that), of being one small part of one object (or a process?) that is the entire universe?

    I know some might answer this question by claiming "nothing would change on my outlook -- from my perspective, I still shit and fuck and go about my daily life, who cares?" One could say the same thing about any perspective on the universe that isn't immediate to our experience. It all depends how much you want to take these things to heart and mind.

    People have gone mad, committed suicide after reading Kant. So I would hardly write this all off as "mental masturbation."
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