If you understand the meaning of what you are translating you can translate anything into anything.
Not strictly true. Or at least, you can't get it done without a lot of pfaffing around. Some words mean different things in different languages, and carry different connotations. As a simple example, Shaheed comes from the root word which means martyr, but also witness, and to testify (hence the Shahadah). You can't really convey that in English with a simple word or sentence without going into specifics.
Try reading
Mouse or Rat? by Umberto Eco, wherein he studies translation as a form of negotiation.
Thanks for the tip, I'll look that up, it has high reviews on Amazon.
I think we'll still agree. What I mean more is that if you understand the meaning of what you are translating and how to express that meaning the language you are translating too, then you can translate anything to anything, by no means do I mean you can translate literal words to literal words no problem.
An example (simple example) I can think of is in Bhs Indonesian the word for 'speed bump' is polisi tidur. Literally polisi tidur would mean 'police man sleeping'. If an indonesian person wrote me a letter telling me about driving, and I directly translated the words into english, without knowing the actual meaning I may get something like "I almost popped my tire running over that sleeping police officer"....
but if I know that in the context of the language and how its used 'polisi tidur' referes to speed bumps, I will translate it to 'speed bump'.
(It took me 2 months of driving around, wondering why there are all these signs telling me to be careful of sleeping police men, to learn that one
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