Well we all conditioned to conform to societal norms through the process of natural selection. In fact all animals are conditioned such to various degrees. Which is why wolves hunt in packs and lions hunt alone (not sure if that is true about lions, but you get the picture)
All human societies put selective pressure on certain societal traits to enforce social cohesion. Up until a few hundred years ago in Europe you could also be killed for blasphemy or apostasy and in Ancient Greece Socrates was executed for blaspheming the ancient Greek gods.
Islam has only been around for just over 1,000 years, not long enough to have any noticable difference. But hypothetically, if Islam were to survive for say 100s of thousands of years, and there is 0% breeding between Muslims and non-Muslims (per Islam's own laws) then we should expect some level of "
speciation" to occur.
it’s not only ugly women who wear veils.
That's not the point. If during the courtship process, men are unable to see the face of their prospective spouse, then physical beauty for women will no longer be a selective pressure and will gradually deteriorate. Of course this assumes that all women would wear face veils and never show their face to suitors, which I am sure is not the case even in the most conservative Islamic countries. But even in a situation where women only show their face sometimes will still have the effect of lessening this selective pressure and over many many thousands of years this will have an impact.